du − estimate file space usage |
du [OPTION]... [FILE]... |
Summarize disk usage of each FILE, recursively for directories. Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. |
−a, −−all |
write counts for all files, not just directories |
−−apparent−size |
print apparent sizes, rather than disk usage; although the apparent size is usually smaller, it may be larger due to holes in (‘sparse’) files, internal fragmentation, indirect blocks, and the like |
−B, −−block−size=SIZE |
use SIZE−byte blocks |
−b, −−bytes |
equivalent to ‘−−apparent−size −−block−size=1’ |
−c, −−total |
produce a grand total |
−D, −−dereference−args |
dereference only symlinks that are listed on the command line |
−−files0−from=F |
summarize disk usage of the NUL−terminated file names specified in file F; If F is − then read names from standard input |
−H |
equivalent to −−dereference−args (−D) |
−h, −−human−readable |
print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G) |
−−si |
like −h, but use powers of 1000 not 1024 |
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−k |
like −−block−size=1K |
−l, −−count−links |
count sizes many times if hard linked |
−m |
like −−block−size=1M |
−L, −−dereference |
dereference all symbolic links |
−P, −−no−dereference |
don’t follow any symbolic links (this is the default) |
−0, −−null |
end each output line with 0 byte rather than newline |
−S, −−separate−dirs |
do not include size of subdirectories |
−s, −−summarize |
display only a total for each argument |
−x, −−one−file−system |
skip directories on different file systems |
−X, −−exclude−from=FILE |
exclude files that match any pattern in FILE |
−−exclude=PATTERN |
exclude files that match PATTERN |
−−max−depth=N |
print the total for a directory (or file, with −−all) only if it is N or fewer levels below the command line argument; −−max−depth=0 is the same as −−summarize |
−−time |
show time of the last modification of any file in the directory, or any of its subdirectories |
−−time=WORD |
show time as WORD instead of modification time: atime, access, use, ctime or status |
−−time−style=STYLE |
show times using style STYLE: full−iso, long−iso, iso, +FORMAT FORMAT is interpreted like ‘date’ |
−−help |
display this help and exit |
−−version |
output version information and exit |
Display values are in units of the first available SIZE from −−block−size, and the DU_BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE and BLOCKSIZE environment variables. Otherwise, units default to 1024 bytes (or 512 if POSIXLY_CORRECT is set). SIZE may be (or may be an integer optionally followed by) one of following: KB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024, and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y. |
PATTERN is a shell pattern (not a regular expression). The pattern ? matches any one character, whereas * matches any string (composed of zero, one or multiple characters). For example, *.o will match any files whose names end in .o. Therefore, the command |
du --exclude='*.o' |
will skip all files and subdirectories ending in .o (including the file .o itself). |
Written by Torbjorn Granlund, David MacKenzie, Paul Eggert, and Jim Meyering. |
Report du bugs to bug−coreutils@gnu.org |
Copyright © 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later
<http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>. |
The full documentation for du is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the info and du programs are properly installed at your site, the command |
info coreutils 'du invocation' |
should give you access to the complete manual. |